Why is a soil test recommended before applying fertilizer?

• A. To determine irrigation schedules.
• B. To identify weed species.
• C. To determine nutrient levels, pH, and soil properties to tailor fertilization.
• D. To estimate future rainfall.

Answer: (C)

A soil test is used before fertilizing because it reveals what nutrients are actually present in the soil, what is required to meet the crop’s needs, and how the soil’s pH and other properties affect nutrient availability. By knowing nutrient levels and pH, you can tailor the fertilizer amount and type to what the soil and crop truly need, which saves money, reduces environmental impact from excess fertilizer, and prevents nutrient imbalances. If the pH is off, certain nutrients may become less available or even toxic, so correcting pH (with lime or sulfur as needed) can be just as important as adding nutrients. In short, soil testing guides precise fertilization rather than guessing, ensuring the crop gets what it needs without waste. The other options aren’t related to fertilizer decisions: irrigation schedules depend on moisture, weed identification aids weed control, and rainfall estimates relate to climate, not soil nutrient management.